What is the meaning of the art term Gilding?

Gilding supplies are materials and tools used for the process of gilding, which is the application of thin layers of gold or metal leaf to various surfaces. Some common supplies include:

1. Metal Leaf: Gold leaf or silver leaf is the most common type of metal leaf used in gilding. It comes in thin sheets or flakes that can be applied to surfaces.

2. Adhesive: Gilding adhesive, also known as gilding size, is a special type of glue used to adhere the metal leaf to the surface. It is available in various forms, such as water-based or oil-based.

3. Gilding Brushes: These are specialized brushes used to handle and apply the metal leaf. Gilding brushes are made of soft, natural hair bristles that are delicate enough to handle the thin leaf without damaging it.

4. Gilder's Knife: A gilder's knife, also called a gilder's tip, is a small tool used to lift and manipulate the metal leaf during the application process.

5. Burnishing Tools: Burnishing tools are used to smooth and polish the metal leaf after it has been applied. These tools help achieve a shiny and uniform finish.

6. A gilding cushion is a soft pad or cushion used to support the metal leaf during the application process. It allows for easy manipulation and prevents the leaf from tearing or folding.

7. Shellac: Shellac is a type of clear varnish used as a protective topcoat on gilded surfaces. It helps seal and protect the metal leaf from damage.

8. Gilding Size Brushes: These brushes are used specifically for applying the gilding adhesive. They are typically flat and have long, soft bristles for smooth application.

9. Agate Burnisher: An agate burnisher is a smooth, polished agate stone used for final burnishing and polishing of the gilded surface. The agate stone helps create a glossy and reflective finish on the metal leaf.

10. Gilding pads are thin, soft pads used for pressing and adhering the metal leaf to the adhesive. They help ensure even coverage and minimize the risk of tearing or wrinkling the leaf.

These are just a few examples of the various gilding supplies available. Depending on the specific project and techniques used, additional tools and materials may be required.

Gilding is an art term that refers to the process of applying a thin layer of gold (or gold leaf) onto a surface, typically objects such as sculptures, furniture, or architectural elements. It is an ancient technique that has been used for centuries to enhance the aesthetic value and to create a sense of luxury and opulence in art and design.

To create gilded surfaces, several steps are involved. First, the surface needs to be prepared by smoothing and polishing it to ensure a flawless, even finish. This can be done by using sandpaper, a steel wool, or other abrasive materials, depending on the material being gilded.

Once the surface is prepared, a layer of adhesive or sizing is applied. Traditionally, this is made from animal glue or gelatin mixed with water. The adhesive is applied in thin, even coats using a brush or a spray gun, depending on the size of the object and the desired effect.

After the adhesive has been applied, the gold leaf is carefully placed onto the surface. Gold leaf is an extremely thin sheet of gold, often measuring less than 0.1 micrometers in thickness. It is so delicate that it can be easily distorted or torn with a gust of wind, so gilding requires skilled and delicate handling.

The gold leaf is often sold in small books with tissue paper between each sheet to prevent it from sticking together. The gilder will carefully pick up a sheet of gold leaf with a brush or a special tool called a gilder's tip. The gold leaf is then delicately placed onto the adhesive, gently pressed, and smoothed down to remove any air bubbles or wrinkles.

Multiple layers of gold leaf may be applied, depending on the desired appearance. Each layer is applied after the previous one has dried and has been burnished or polished with a soft brush or cloth. This process helps to create a smooth, reflective surface and ensure that the gold adheres firmly to the surface.

Different variations of gilding techniques exist, such as oil gilding, water gilding, or mordant gilding, each requiring different materials and methods. Some gilding techniques also allow for the use of imitation gold, which is made from metals like brass or copper coated with a thin layer of gold.

Gilding has been used in various art forms throughout history, from ancient Egyptian tombs and Byzantine religious icons to Renaissance paintings and Baroque furniture. It continues to be a popular technique in contemporary art and design, adding a touch of luxury and richness to artworks and decorative objects.